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An individual investor, also known as a retail client, is a client organisation or individual who cannot meet both:
(i) one or more of the professional client criteria laid down in Annex II to the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (Directive 2004/39/EC); and
(ii) one or more of the qualified investor criteria set out in Article 2 of the Prospectus Directive (Directive 2003/71/EC).
On this website, Intermediaries are investors that qualify as both a Professional Client and a Qualified Investor.
In summary a person who can both be classified as a professional client under the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive and a qualified investor in accordance with the Prospectus Directive will generally need to meet one or more of the following requirements:
(1) An entity required to be authorised or regulated to operate in the financial markets. The following list includes all authorised entities carrying out the characteristic activities of the entities mentioned, whether authorised by an EEA State or a third country and whether or not authorised by reference to a directive:
(a) a credit institution;
(b) an investment firm;
(c) any other authorised or regulated financial institution;
(d) an insurance company;
(e) a collective investment scheme or the management company of such a scheme;
(f) a pension fund or the management company of a pension fund;
(g) a commodity or commodity derivatives dealer;
(h) a local;
(i) any other intermediaries investor.
(2) a large undertaking that meets two of the following tests:
(i) a balance sheet total of EUR 43,000,000;
(ii) an annual net turnover of EUR 50,000,000;
(iii) an average number of employees during the year of 250.
(3) a national or regional government, a public body that manages public debt, a central bank, an international or supranational intermediaries (such as the World Bank, the IMF, the ECB, the EIB) or another similar international organisation.
(4) a natural person resident in an EEA State that permits the authorisation of natural persons as qualified investors, who expressly asks to be treated as a professional client and a qualified investor and who meets at least two of the following criteria:
(i) he/she has carried out transactions on securities markets at an average frequency of, at least, 10 per quarter over the previous four quarters before the application;
(ii) the size of his/her financial instrument portfolio, defined as including cash deposits and financial instruments exceeds EUR 500.000;
(iii) he/she works or has worked for at least one year in the financial sector in a professional position which requires knowledge of securities investment.
Please note that the above summary is provided for information purposes only. If you are uncertain as to whether you can both be classified as a professional client under the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive and classed as a qualified investor under the Prospectus Directive then you should seek independent advice.
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BlackRock Portfolio Managers have access to research, data, tools, and analytics to integrate ESG insights into their investment process. Aladdin is the operating system that connects the data, people and technology necessary to manage portfolios in real time, as well as the engine behind BlackRock’s ESG analytics and reporting capabilities. BlackRock’s Portfolio Managers use Aladdin to make investment decisions, monitor portfolios and to access material ESG insights that can inform the investment process to attain ESG characteristics of the fund.
ESG datasets are sourced from external third-party data providers, including but not limited to MSCI and Sustainalytics. These datasets include headline ESG scores, carbon data, business involvement metrics or controversies and have been incorporated into Aladdin tools that are available to Portfolio Managers. Such tools support the full investment process, from research, to portfolio construction and modeling, to reporting.
In addition to having access to these datasets in Aladdin, where applicable, Portfolio Managers could also supplement these sources with sell side research, non-government organization reports, company reported data, fundamental research insights prepared by BlackRock equity and credit investment research teams as well as the BlackRock Investment Stewardship team.
In order to offer scalable solutions to investors across different asset classes and investment styles, BlackRock has developed a set of exclusionary screens, “BlackRock EMEA Baseline Screens”, that seeks to address a majority of our clients’ requests for exclusions.
As an example, these exclusionary screens eliminate holdings with more than de minimis exposure to certain sectors/industries including but not limited to controversial weapons, nuclear weapons, fossil fuels, civilian firearms, tobacco, and UN Global Compact violators. BlackRock EMEA Baseline Screens are applied on all new active funds in Europe, Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”), on a comply or explain basis by our portfolio management teams within our product governance structure. For all new sustainable index strategies in EMEA, BlackRock works with the index provider to reflect the same screens in the custom index. Qualified investors with separate accounts can have exclusionary screens set with specific criteria as determined by the investor. The definition of the baseline screens and its adoption into sustainable screened funds is governed by the Sustainable Product Council (“SPC”). The current default ESG data provider for these Baseline Screens is MSCI but investment teams can choose to use Sustainalytics or other custom data sources as required.
For further SFDR related fund/sub-fund level disclosures, please refer to the fund/ sub-fund specific Investment Objective and Policy section(s) and benchmark information in the prospectus that is available on the website.
As a global investment manager and fiduciary to our clients, our purpose at BlackRock is to help everyone experience financial well-being. Since 1999, we've been a leading provider of financial technology, and our clients turn to us for the solutions they need when planning for their most important goals.